Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), as a cutting-edge biomedical imaging technology, is increasingly demonstrating its immense potential in clinical diagnosis and biomedical research. The core of this technology lies in utilizing ultrasound signals generated by the interaction between laser light and biological tissues to produce high-resolution tissue images. Lasers, as a critical component of PAI systems, play a vital role.

In the PAI process, pulsed laser light emitted by a laser irradiates biological tissue. Chromophores in the tissue, such as hemoglobin and melanin, absorb photons and convert them into heat, causing localized temperature increases and subsequent thermal expansion. This expansion generates ultrasonic waves that propagate through the tissue and are detected by ultrasound sensors. By collecting and processing these signals, structural and functional images of the tissue can be reconstructed.

The choice of laser is crucial for the quality and effectiveness of PAI. Traditional Q-switched Nd:YAG/OPO nanosecond lasers, while capable of delivering high-energy pulses for deeper tissue penetration, are expensive, bulky, and have low pulse repetition rates. In recent years, technological advancements have led to more compact, energy-efficient lasers with higher repetition rates, such as RealLight’s MCA and MCC series lasers. These lasers not only improve imaging speed but also make PAI more portable and accessible.

Additionally, laser wavelength selection is a key consideration in PAI. Different wavelengths offer varying penetration depths, and selecting the optimal wavelength can balance resolution and imaging depth to meet diverse diagnostic needs.

In summary, lasers play a pivotal role in PAI. With continuous advancements in laser technology, PAI is poised to become even more impactful in future biomedical applications.

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