Solid-state lasers play a crucial role in LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) technology. LIBS is a spectroscopic analysis technique based on plasma emission, used to detect material composition. In a LIBS system, a solid-state laser serves as the excitation source, emitting high-energy pulsed laser beams focused onto the sample surface, which excites the sample to a high-temperature plasma state, generating radiation spectra. These spectra are detected and analyzed by a spectrometer to determine the types and concentrations of elements.

I. Advantages of Solid-State Lasers in LIBS Applications

High Energy Density: Solid-state lasers can provide high instantaneous power density, which is essential for LIBS technology. High-energy-density laser beams ensure effective excitation of the sample to a high-temperature plasma state, producing sufficiently strong spectral signals.

Excellent Stability: Solid-state lasers maintain good stability even during prolonged operation and in harsh environments, which is critical for long-term LIBS applications and on-site detection.

Tunability: Some solid-state lasers are tunable, allowing adjustment of the laser wavelength to meet the detection needs of different samples. This enhances the flexibility and applicability of LIBS technology.

II. Technical Challenges of Solid-State Lasers in LIBS

Power Consumption and Temperature Control: Solid-state lasers consume significant power during operation and require strict temperature control to maintain stability. This increases the complexity and cost of LIBS systems.

Pulse Width and Energy: Precise control of laser pulse width and energy is necessary for effective LIBS excitation, demanding high controllability and stability from solid-state lasers.

III. Recent Advances in Solid-State Lasers for LIBS

In recent years, with the continuous development of LIBS technology, solid-state lasers have also been improved and optimized. For example, the 1535nm Erbium Glass Laser (Figure 1) has shown broad application prospects in the LIBS field.

(Figure 1)

This laser offers advantages such as eye safety, wide temperature operating range, and high power stability, making it highly suitable for handheld LIBS devices. Additionally, researchers are exploring ways to improve the efficiency and stability of solid-state lasers and optimize their application in LIBS technology. In recent years, desktop LIBS systems on the market have largely adopted 1064nm solid-state lasers (Figure 2), which have gained recognition from end-users.

(Figure 2)

IV. Application Cases of Solid-State Lasers in LIBS

Solid-state lasers are widely used in LIBS technology, including but not limited to:

Metal Material Analysis: Used for composition analysis of steel, aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and other metals to detect element types and concentrations.

Geological Exploration: Used for composition analysis of ores and rocks to assist in geological exploration and mineral resource assessment.

Environmental Monitoring: Used for pollutant detection in soil and water, monitoring heavy metal content, etc.

Archaeological Research: Used for composition analysis of cultural relics and ancient artifacts to support archaeological research and cultural heritage preservation.

Conclusion

In summary, solid-state lasers play a vital role in LIBS technology. With continuous technological advancements and expanding application fields, the prospects for solid-state lasers in LIBS are becoming increasingly broad.

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